Mathematics at the Boundary Between Model and God: What Would a Mathematics of Non-Exhaustive Knowledge Prove

Methodological note: This appendix records a personal, AI-assisted research exploration at the intersection of theology, computer science and mathematical logic. The formulas below therefore have different statuses: some state established mathematical results; others propose notation or conjectural research structures; and the theological interpretations require arguments beyond mathematics. AI helped translate my questions into candidate formal language and locate relevant fields, but its fluency is not evidence.

The question that interrupted the formalization

The main essay ended with a possible research…
Continue reading

The Formal Limits of Speaking About God: From Cantor’s Absolute Infinity to Inexhaustible Representation

*This exploratory essay grew from personal theological reflection and sustained dialogue with AI. It investigates mathematical possibilities and limitations without claiming to present a new proof or completed formal theory.

I began with a question that seemed much simpler than the one I am now trying to formulate. Mathematics has studied infinity rigorously for more than a century and has shown that infinite collections can have different cardinalities. Theology, meanwhile, has spoken about the infinity and incomprehensibility of God for…
Continue reading

How WeChat Makes Us Classify One Another (and When “Friends” Become Contacts)

Most serious questions about platforms begin with something small enough to look trivial. In this case, it was a line: the nearly blank page that appears when I open someone’s WeChat Moments and find no visible posts.

At first, I treated this as a narrow question about blocking. Why does discovering that another person has hidden their Moments from me sometimes feel hurtful? Why do some users respond by immediately hiding their own Moments in return? Is this merely an…
Continue reading

Toward a Boundary-Relative Computational Theology: What Must Theology Become to Be Verifiable?

I did not begin by trying to design a methodology for computational theology. I began with a much smaller and more personal question. I had written three essays whose subjects seemed rather different: a generative artwork that gradually changed my understanding of creation, my later return to that artwork as its beholder, and Éric Rohmer’s A Tale of Winter, which moved me from romantic hope toward questions of certainty, relational responsibility and the people left outside a miraculous ending.…
Continue reading

Can Theology Be Computed Without Being Reduced?: From Proof Checking to Machine-Scale Hermeneutics

A prediction about mathematics led me somewhere I did not initially expect. Jacob Tsimerman had suggested that artificial intelligence could become better than mathematicians at doing mathematics within two years. I began by asking how such an abrupt transition could be possible. The obvious question concerned capability: had AI suddenly acquired mathematical intuition comparable to that of the strongest human researchers? But another explanation seemed increasingly important. Mathematics may be among the earliest disciplines to experience this transformation because it…
Continue reading

Wer erschafft wen? Kunst, KI und die Transformation des Schaffenden

Mein vorheriger Essay, Building a Generative Artwork That Can Change Its Maker, endete mit dem Gedanken, dass das Kunstwerk geantwortet habe. Dieser Essay setzt dort ein, wo mir diese Formulierung nicht mehr ausreichte. „Antworten“ lässt noch immer zwei relativ stabile Partner vermuten: auf der einen Seite einen Schaffenden, auf der anderen ein vollendetes Werk. Was sich tatsächlich entwickelte, war weniger geordnet. Ein visuelles System erzeugte Formen; die Formen veränderten meine Fragen; die Reaktion eines anderen Menschen veränderte, wie ich…
Continue reading

Who Creates Whom? Art, AI, and the Transformation of the Maker

My previous essay, Building a Generative Artwork That Can Change Its Maker, ended with the thought that the artwork had answered back. This essay begins where that formulation became insufficient. “Answering back” still suggests two relatively stable partners: a maker on one side and a completed work on the other. What actually developed was less orderly. A visual system generated forms; the forms changed my questions; another person’s response changed how I understood the forms; an old theoretical vocabulary…
Continue reading

Eine generative Kunst schaffen, die ihren Schöpfer verändern kann: Von der Generierung zur Begegnung und wieder zurück

Drei Tage nachdem ich einen Artikel darüber veröffentlicht hatte, wie sich der Aktualisieren-Button meiner Website in eine künstlerische Geste der Komposition verwandeln lässt, lud mich Prof. Yvonne Dohna-Schlobitten unerwartet dazu ein, an ihrem sich entwickelnden internationalen Projekt als Künstler teilzunehmen – und beinahe im selben Atemzug auch in wissenschaftlicher Funktion. Dieses konkrete Werk hatte sie zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch nicht gesehen. Ich schickte es ihr, erklärte, dass jede Aktualisierung oder Navigation eine neue Komposition hervorbringen könne, und bat sie, es…
Continue reading